Breast cancer has just been considered as an occupational disease in Denmark.1 Shift work have a negative impact on health, work functioning, and social life.2-4 Recent published studies showed that working on rotating night shifts was associated with a higher incidence of subsequent breast cancer among the female nurses and flight crews….

Hydatidosis is a common infestation caused by Echinococcus spp. Solitary hydatid cyst of the lung is not uncommon but coexistence of two or more pulmonary cysts are less common. These cysts may drain into the bronchial tree or very rarely into the pleural cavity which causes a poor outcome. Certain people such as slaughters, tanners, stockbreeders, shepherds, butchers, veterinarians and all whose job makes them to work closely with animals are at higher risk of the infection and developing echinococcosis. Herein, we present a 14-year-old shepherd who developed severe chest pain and hydropneumothorax following a minor trauma to his chest. He had two pulmonary hydatid cysts, one of which drained to the left pleural cavity and caused the symptoms. Another cyst was complicated during his hospital course. The patient was treated surgically, received albendazole and discharged home uneventfully. A high index of suspicion is of utmost importance for the correct diagnosis and treatment of hydatid disease in hyperendemic areas and in those whose occupation might put them at a higher risk of contraction of hydatid disease.

Introduction. This fascinating disorder is also known as Sinus Histiocytosis. It is very rare, probably less than 1000 cases reported in the literature. R.D.D affects lymph nodes, although extranodal involvement has been reported such as: Centaral nervous system (CN.S). All of the cases of R.D.D with CN.S involvement without other sites involvement are 11 cases. Methods. The case is a male patient, 26y/o, with a history of head trauma 2 years ago that has been resulted to unconsciousness. He has been referred to a hospital and brain CT scan and brain M.R.I has been done for him. In M.R.I a brain tumor with left orbit and sphenoidal sinus involvement and compression effect on frontal lobe has been seen. A neurosurgeon operated him and the pathological report was Rosai-Dorfman disease. Then he was referred to radiation therapy department.Results. Treatment approach in CN.S involvement cases consists of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Discussion. Over all, response has been inferior to those expected with malignant hematopoietic neoplasms.

Background and Aims: Low dose and long term exposure to inorganic, organic, irritant and allergic substances in workplaces can slowly and gradually cause chronic diseases such as chronic bronchitis, asthma and pneumoconiosis. The purpose of this study is the exact determination of lung diseases prevalence in Turquoise Miners and determination of associated factors in these diseases.Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, 117 of retired and present workers of Nishabour Turquoise Mine were studied about lung diseases. Data was collected by using respiratory questionnaire, interview, lung examination, spirometry, chest X-Ray and Manto test. Results: Mean age of workers was 42.9, Experience mean was 11.5 years.7 workers suffered from simple silicosis and one worker suffered from PMF. All of patients had been retired. Abnormal spirometry was presented in 30/3% that 25% of them were obstructive, 4% of were restrictive and 13% of them were mixed.Conclusion: The results of this survey show that exposure to silica dust besides of silicosis, causes obstructive lung diseases. Because of cureless complications and permanent disability of this disease, preventive measures in mines especially primary preventive measures are effective methods for prevention that must be considered by employee, employers and occupational health specialists.

Background: In medical terms, occupational diseases are defined as health disorders specifically associated with the working environment of people and their occupational activity. From the medical and legal perspectives, the vast majority of European countries consider particular diseases to be of occupational origin if they are mentioned in the current list of occupational diseases and caused by exposure to factors in the working environment that are harmful to health.Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of cases of viral hepatitis certified as an occupational disease in Poland during 1979–2009. This article presents the medical, economic, and legal aspects of the epidemiology of hepatitis as an occupational disease in Poland.Materials and Methods: Publically available statistical data on certified occupational diseases in Poland and data contained in individual “occupational disease diagnosis cards” (based on data used in Poland statistical form), regarding certified cases of hepatitis among health care professionals, which were collected by the Department of Occupational Hygiene of the Polish Public Health Service, were analyzed in this study.Results: In Poland, the highest number of cases of hepatitis certified as an occupational disease was observed in 1987. A gradual reduction in the number of cases of hepatitis as an occupational disease has been noted since then. Currently, hepatitis C as an occupational disease is certified more frequently than hepatitis B. In Poland, the number of women with hepatitis certified as an occupational disease is higher than that of men. However, among health care professionals, particularly nurses, this difference is insignificant because women outnumber the men. The existence of such a situation is due to the significant quantitative predominance of women over men among medical personnel, especially among nurses.Conclusions: Immunization of health care professionals against the hepatitis B virus (HBV), introduced in Poland in 1988, was an important factor involved in reducing the number of cases of occupational viral hepatitis. Socioeconomic and financial factors affected the epidemiological data on cases of hepatitis certified as an occupational disease in Poland. An additional problem associated with the diagnosis of occupational diseases is the lack of obligatory testing for anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) and anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) antibodies and examinations to ensure the efficacy of HBV vaccination among medical staff before and during employment.

Background and Aims Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a rare inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system, wherein the immune system attacks myelin sheaths in the optic nerves, brain, and spinal cord. This condition can lead to a range of symptoms, including vision loss, muscle weakness, stiffness or paralysis, confusion, seizures, and headache. Despite the availability of medical and pharmaceutical treatments, occupational therapy with a comprehensive and holistic approach is considered the most effective option for rehabilitation because both the physical and mental areas are involved in this syndrome.Methods In this study, a 7-year-old boy diagnosed with MOGAD syndrome who received occupational therapy services was presented. He was referred to the occupational therapy clinic after being hospitalized and diagnosed with MOGAD. After receiving occupational therapy interventions including neurodevelopmental therapies (Levitt and Bobath techniques), splinting and assistive devices for one year, improvement was achieved in various areas including muscle tone, fine and gross motor development, balance and ADL. In order to assess the child's condition and follow up during this period, specialized tools and tests (PEDI, Ashworth, developmental milestones, muscle shortening test, etc.) were used to measure different areas and dimensions.Results The child demonstrated remarkable improvements in gross motor skills. However, progress in gait and balance was slow and required extensive training. Fine motor skills remained challenging despite intensive interventions. By the end of the year, there was a significant improvement in muscle tone, functional mobility, and daily living skills.Conclusion Occupational therapy played a pivotal role in the functional recovery of this child with MOGAD. Future research should explore long-term outcomes and develop standardized protocols for rehabilitation in children with this rare condition.

Background and aims: The hospital staff services due to their jobs are daily exposed with disinfectant and cleaning substances and the exposure with these materials will cause dermatitis. The aim of this study was to determine the affection risk to skin symptoms in hospital staff services due to continuous exposure to detergents and disinfectants.Methods: In this cross-sectional study 170 male and female staff services in both Educational hospitals of Yazd were evaluated. Using Nordic questionnaire about the frequency of skin symptoms including: skin redness, swelling, scaling and small blisters, scaly and itching on the hands, forearms, and between the fingers of the employees were collected and analyzed by SPSS v.16.Results: In this study the overall prevalence of hand dermatitis among the staff service was 36.8 percent. The most common symptom of skin dermatitis was scaling of the hands, forearms or fingers along with cracking (25.5 percent). Symptoms of redness and itching of the skin, hands, forearms or fingers with cracked skin were more in women than men.Symptoms of red skin and scaly hands, forearms or fingers and cracking of skin were more in individuals with less work experience.Conclusion: The results showed a strong correlation between exposure in the workplace and skin dermatitis among workers in the service. In order to reduce exposure to detergents and reducing the incidence of skin dermatitis symptoms, use of appropriate gloves and proper training required in their use is recommended.